The Death Penalty and Offenders with Mental Retardation Research Paper

The Death Penalty and Offenders with Mental Retardation - Research Paper Example It is not surprising that executing of mentally defective people faces public resistance. The interrogations revealed that a great number of United States citizens are against death penalty for people with mental retardation including those who support the execution as such. The law that forbids the execution of mentally sick individuals was already passed in 13 states and 7 states are going to pass it as well. The United States of America is the only democratic country in the world that executes mentally ill or defective people (Gross, 2007). First of all, such laws are at variance with basic Human Rights,  which consider death to be a violation of the main right of humans – right to life, especially if it is applied to individuals who suffer from mental retardation. David Anderson states: †¦we shall now look at the great international documents and some other documents which speaks of human rights and the "right to life" in relation to the death penalty. We shall then observe that the abolitionists have come to a minefield, because the fundamental international documents testify in this matter more to the advantages of the death penalty. It is only some lately additional paragraphs which want to see some other order of things (Anderson, 2001). Many people who support the death penalty and consider it to be necessary in some cases state that it looses its initial meaning and significance and turn into violence if applied to mentally defective people. This punishment is to be used in most serious cases for the crimes committed deliberately and with cruelty. However, the actions of mentally disabled people can’t be considered as deliberate. They can’t live a full-fledged life because of their incurable trouble. Such people have a lot of problems with making decisions, recollection, concentration, and with comprehension of outcomes

Organizational Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 12

Organizational Behavior - Essay Example One of the coping mechanisms that I use to deal with stress is being honest with others and expressing to them that I have troubles speaking English. People at school are always nice and they help me along when talking to them. When a person knows that the other has troubles with English they speak slower and use simpler language. They also listen more carefully when I talk. In the classroom when I am taking notes sometimes I have trouble understanding the English the teacher speaks. The coping mechanism I use to deal with this situation is recording all my classes in a digital recorder. I then look back at the tape recorder and play back the part I did not understand. Whenever I need extra help a friend of mine listens to the recording and helps me out with an explanation. Sometimes at school I feel stress for other reasons such as a tough project with short deadlines or a difficult test coming up. Some of the things that help me deal with stress are listening to music, playing a cl assic Seinfeld episode on Hulu.com or going out with friends to watch a good movie at the theater. In my life I feel both powerful and powerless at times. Thankfully the powerful situations outweigh the powerless. As a college student I am in a privileged situation in society because I have the opportunity to earn an education which will help me a lot in the tough and competitive labor environment of today. I live a free life without any concerns or external worries associated with being the head of a family or work related pressures. I have the opportunity to choose a college curriculum and degree that I like. I spend my weeks going to stimulating classes that I like, while being surrounded by great people all around the university. I have met a lot of tremendous persons in school that have helped me mature as a person by interacting with me in college. I enjoy a lot my social life in college as well as my

The Case against Money and Happiness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Case against Money and Happiness - Essay Example The Easterlin Paradox was first published by Richard Easterlin way back in 1974. The paradox was mainly used to support the argument that a general increase in economical growth by a country, would not necessarily result in increased satisfaction levels by its citizenry (Leonhardt 2008). The argument supported by this paradox, was further supported by research that happened to prove that during the resultant aftermath that followed soon after World War II ended, the economy of Japan underwent a rather significant boom with the general economy’s output growing by an average of about sevenfold between the years ranging between 1950 an 1970. This staggering economical growth caused Japan to eventually become one of the world’s richest nations (Leonhardt 2008). Despite the massive economic growth witnessed in the country, polls conducted in Japan showed that the country’s citizenry appeared to become increasingly dissatisfied with their own lives. According to the re sults of one poll, the overall percentage of persons who happened to provide the most positive of the given possible answers pertaining to the level of satisfaction they were experiencing in their lives actually fell from the averages obtained during the late 1950s through to the early 1970s. It was evidently clear that although the people were richer, they were deemed to apparently not be happier. (Lee & Dwight 2006). The results of this Japanese anomaly are inherently somewhat flawed and money can result in happiness. The truth of this statement was verified by efforts of research conducted by two economists from Brookings Institution in Washington, Mr. Wolfers and Ms. Stevenson who discovered that the original research questions had changed and the most positive answer option that was given by the pollsters was one suggesting that although the respondents weren’t completely happy they were satisfied with their life as it were at the moment. Mr. Easterlin is quoted as writi ng that â€Å"it can generally be observed that persons residing in poor countries displayed a tendency towards becoming generally happier once their economic conditions became more favorable and they were subsequently able to afford their basic necessities. Any further gains on their part did not necessarily increase their income but simply just seemed to actually be resetting the bar†. Easterlin argued that one’s relative income which is basically a reflection of how much an individual happens to earn in comparison to how much other persons around the individual happened to be earning – mattered far way more than a person’s absolute income (Leonhardt 2008). The Easterlin Paradox was quickly adopted by the society and grew to become one of the major social sciences classics that were frequently cited in various academic journals as well as in the popular media (Leonhardt 2008). The Case in Support of Money Causing an Increase in Happiness It can be argue d that an increase in a person’s purchasing power can have the effect of causing a resultant increase in the happiness levels of the person. One of the most common arguments in support of this is that such happiness is generally a resultant feeling of one having more as compared to other persons in the same reference group.

The effects of single mother hood on child delinquency Essay

The effects of single mother hood on child delinquency - Essay Example It is even more difficult to discuss delinquency and single motherhood and to describe a relationship between the two because there are so many inter-related issues. It is not easy to separate out these issues and define a straightforward link between the two. However the issue is an important one since more and more children are living in single parent homes as time passes. And not just in single parent homes, but more specifically in homes where the mother is the single parent. The absence of fathers in children’s lives is an increasing challenge to society. According to the US Bureau of the Census in 1990 (cited in Stolba and Amato 543) â€Å"The proportion of children under 18 who live with a single parent increased from 12 percent in 1968 to about one-fourth at present†. This was almost twenty years ago. The figure now is even more cause for concern. In order to develop the discussion it is first important to understand some parameters of the term itself- how is it defined and measured; to understand the phenomenon and the nature of the problem in terms of the extent to which it is a problem in children and young people. In broad terms delinquency is antisocial or criminal behavior. It is juvenile delinquency when displayed by children or adolescents. Juvenile delinquency is also considered behavior that deviates from the norms. Even trying to understand what juvenile delinquency actually is presents problems since norms vary from place to place and even from one household or family to the next. The attitude of parents and other adults can also add to the difficulty as what one parent may consider delinquent behavior another parent may merely shrug it off as defiance or ‘a behavior phase’ that the child is going through. There seems to be no definite definition for delinquency. For clarity and standardization then a nd for this

Dog Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dog - Research Paper Example Why the dog’s exhibit friendships with human when all the other members of its species or family like the foxes or Jackals stay away from human beings?. Do dogs possess more intelligence than all the other animals? These are interesting questions one might ask. It is difficult answer the above questions without having a dog as a pet animal. Dog owners have many stories to talk about the honesty, loyalty and intelligence of their pet dog. But others may not have such experiences. This paper is written based on my personal experiences with my pet dog. I don’t know how my audience (those who are not interested in having pet animals or dogs) will respond to my experiences because of their less knowledge about animal behaviors. I think they might not agree with my arguments. Anyway this paper is written for convincing my audience about the intelligence and honesty of my pet dog (A Doberman). According to S. Coren, author of "The Intelligence of Dogs", there are three types of dog intelligence: Adaptive Intelligence (learning and problem-solving ability), Instinctive Intelligence and Working/Obedience Intelligence (The Intelligence of Dogs). I am living in a rural area and my house is surrounded by some big trees and herbs. Snakes are plenty in number around my house. We usually release our Doberman from its kennel during the night time because of the threats from thieves. One midnight, when all of us were sleeping, I woke up because of the continuous barking of our Doberman. I have opened the door and watched my dog trying to call my attention towards him. I have examined all the surrounding and found nothing extra ordinary. When I tried to return to my home, my dog started to block my way and keeping a close look at a particular area around my home. I have realized that something was wrong and decided to make closer look at that area. To my utter surprise I have seen a poisonous cobra resting near the doors of my house dog. My dog was making a conscious effort

Weight Loss and Triglyceride Level Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Weight Loss and Triglyceride Level - Essay Example A diet containing more energy than needed may lead to prolonged postprandial hyperlipidaemia and to deposition of triglycerides in adipose tissues resulting in obesity. From a practical point of view, all hypotheses regarding the genesis of obesity can be put down to over-nutrition, meaning a hyper-energy food intake. If at all a relationship exists, this could make a sound basis for preventive and therapeutic recommendations (Anderson, J.W. and Hoie, L.H., 2005). Elevation of serum cholesterol is one of the factors that carry an increased risk for the development of coronary heart disease. Today, there is a vast body of evidence demonstrating a triangular causal relationship between habitual diet, blood cholesterol-lipoprotein levels, and coronary heart disease. In a very large proportion of individuals with a raised cholesterol level, the blood concentration of the triglycerides is also markedly increased. It has been claimed that correlation between triglycerides and coronary heart disease is as good as that between serum cholesterol and coronary heart disease. Research work has suggested that triglyceride levels may act as significant independent risk factors for coronary heart disease. Both cholesterol and triglycerides are associated with specific proteins in the plasma to form lipoproteins (Van Gaal, L.C., Mertens, I.L., and Ballaux, D., 2005). Thus the significance of the risk factor has not been determined, and this case study aims at finding this relationship in a small sample size of 35 obese patients with the hypothesis that restricting the consumption of fatty acids and exercise in order to reduce the body weight of these patients will reduce the triglyceride levels and would reduce the risks of coronary heart disease in these patients in a predictable manner such that a generalization can be made as to how much weight needs to be reduced to achieve a goal serum triglyceride level, and this can be calculated with the formula in a given population that matches with the patients included in this study. Characteristics of the Patients: The patients were obese. By definition, obesity is abnormal growth of the adipose tissue due to an enlargement of the fat cell size or increase in the fact cell number or a combination of both. Obesity is often expressed in terms of body mass index. The composition of the diet and the amount of energy driven from it are relevant to the aetiology of obesity. Consequently, a diet containing more energy than needed may lead to prolonged post-prandial hyperlipidaemia and to deposition of triglycerides in adipose tissue resulting in obesity. This group of patients is obese as per the previous definition. In these patients, the obesity is presumed to be due to high energy intake in the diet as opposed to the energy expenditure in the form of work or exercise (Nordmann, A.J. et al., 2006). The most important determinant of triglyceride level is the activity of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase in the endothelial lining of the capillaries of a variety of tissues including heart. If dietary fat intake is high, then the capacity of this enzyme to remove triglycerides particularly from the very low density lipoproteins and converting them to lipoproteins of the higher density would be affected. The result would be deposition of triglycerides in the media of the small arteries leading to atherosclerosis and luminal compromise leading to decreased blood flow at the time of the need. Thus the only way to reduce this risk of coronary heart disease is to reduce body weight by means of reduced consumption of fatty acids and exercise. Concomitantly, drug therapy with statins would also reduce the trigly

The regulatory policies for higher education in Mauritius and its Research Proposal

The regulatory policies for higher education in Mauritius and its contibution to the making of a knowledge hub. a comparative st - Research Proposal Example Mauritius is no longer just a country in the Pacific since they have adapted to the internalization of education followed by the opening of the local economy to the international market. It all began with the country’s involvement of the internationalization of education which â€Å"has forced Mauritius to adopt an economic rationale of creating higher education institution...– to foster economic and social development† (Ogachi, 2008). The dream of becoming a knowledge hub stems from the Tertiary Education Commission’s (TEC) Strategic Plan for 2007-2011. The plan concentrates on meeting the demands of globalisation and â€Å"rapid technological progress† (TEC, 2007, p.1). In order to fully realize this plan, it is â€Å"necessary to increase...expenditure for tertiary education and Research & Development† (Ministry of Education, n.d., p. iv). Aligned with the TEC’s action plan, the Mauritius government has used strategies to attract fo reign students to study in their country. As stated in the policy context, the strategy is to create a conducive learning environment so as to raise enrollment from roughly 7% to 30% (SAURA, 2008).