The Contribution of Isaac Newton to the Scientific Revolution free essay sample

The Contribution of Isaac Newton to the Scientific Revolution The beginning of the 17th century was a period of drastic change in Europe as many started to approach science. This dawning of modern science introduced new concepts in the understanding of the physical world, and brought along a new stream of â€Å"natural philosophers† () including Sir Isaac Newton. The scientific revolution was not marked by any single change, but rather various new ideas from different philosophers, including Newton, helped revolutionize an important epoch in human history. The impacts due to Newton’s suggestion to abandon medieval philosophies, his contribution to mathematics, astronomy, and physics, and his role in the â€Å"Royal Society† will provide an idea of how important Isaac Newton was during the 17th century and the impact he’s had on the revolutionary breakthroughs at the time, as well as on modern society. During the scientific revolution, Newton and many other natural philosophers proposed to abandon medieval scientific philosophies in favor of newer scientific methods (Ames, et al). There were four reasons for why the medieval idea of science was discarded (). The first reason was because many scientists and philosophers during the 17th century were able to collaborate and work alongside mathematicians and astronomers to advance the knowledge in all fields (Rose). This rendered the medieval method of conducting scientific research useless. Another reason was because the natural philosophers at the time realized the ineffectiveness and inadequacy medieval experimental methods provided for their work, and felt that a new method was needed. Also the world was slowly becoming more globalized, and research papers from the Europeans, Greeks, and Middle Eastern scientific philosophies were all readily available at the time (Ames, et al). Newton, along with other natural philosophers, were able to use a diverse range of starting points to either build on existing theories, or disprove them. The last reason is because of the impact groups such as the â€Å"Royal Society† had on science. These organizations helped validate science as a field of work, and helped publicize scientific findings (Ames, et al). This meant the medieval scientific philosophies were no longer required as a foundation for scientific research. Newton’s proposition to abandon medieval scientific philosophies led to one of the most important changes during the 17th century; how natural philosophers conducted scientific research. This was because the modern hypothesis was born. During the 17th century, natural philosophers started to ask questions emphasizing on answering â€Å"what. † These questions included, â€Å"what is the relationship between these two things? or â€Å"what are the facts to suggest this? † (Ames, et al). It was a major breakthrough because it required finding facts before a hypothesis can be formulated. A hypothesis in the 17th century must be accompanied by various observations, and only after these requirements have been met can a scientist conduct tests with a controlled experiment (Ames, et al). This revolutionary change eventually led to the â€Å"experimental met hod,† which in turn has impacted the way chemists, biologists and physicists conduct experiments today (Rose). Newton, along with the other natural philosophers’ decision to abandon the medieval scientific philosophy helped reaffirm the importance of conducting experiments to science. The pursuit of science (rather than philosophy) gained validity, and the importance of God to science was tremendously, but not fully, invalidated. This meant that there was a transition from focusing on supernatural viewpoints to a humanistic viewpoint. Religion and superstition were replaced by reason and knowledge. This change in attitude was an essential step during the 17th century. Prior to the scientific revolution, natural philosophers lacked the instruments and methods required to verify their observational and experimental ideas (Rose). This handicap forced these philosophers to rely on the church and the ancient world. Figures such as Aristotle, St. Augustine, and God were considered to be the sources of truth (Ames, et al). This caused the scientific ideas at the time to be lost; the natural philosophers were forced to accept the teachings of the church. This notion all changed during the 17th century, when skepticism about religion and authoritative figures of the past became wide-spread due to the continued growth of a literate middle class (Hatch). Many started to read the Bible and interpret it in their own understandings rather than blindly following the teachings of the church. Religion was being challenged as the authority and foundation for knowledge. Due to Newton’s suggestion to desert medieval scientific philosophies, the scientific hypothesis was born, which in turn created doubt and skepticism about religion. Many sought answers elsewhere, and started turning to science for truths. The transition from medieval scientific philosophies created a new mindset and approach to nature. Many scientists in the fields of biology, chemistry, physics, math and astronomy created enormous contributions to the field of science, including Sir Isaac Newton himself. Isaac Newton’s first discovery was the concept that white light is composed of different colors (Steinbock 28). By using the new hypothesis which Newton was partially responsible for creating, he demonstrated through a series of experiments that prisms separate white light, rather than modify it. Newton also contradicted the theories of Aristotle by stating that white light is heterogeneous, while the separate colors are homogeneous (Hatch). When his work was published, Newton stated that the purpose of his work was to, â€Å"propose and prove [the properties of light] by Reason and Experiments† (Hatch). This further validated the use of the new hypothesis, where everything must be proved through facts and observations. Newton’s work extended beyond just light, into the realm of numbers. Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz are both responsible for the invention of calculus, though the two men developed calculus independently. Their work is still extremely significant to the understanding of the physical world, because calculus enables Man to explain the rate of change of anything that is not uniform. Before this momentous development, there have always been contradictions with dividing by zero, as well as adding infinitely large numbers. The ancient Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea even gave examples of such inconsistencies (â€Å"Zeno of Elea†). Calculus provided the tools, through â€Å"limits†, to solve these problems. Even today calculus is used in all branches of science, business, and even medicine. Yet perhaps the most famous of Newton’s work is his contribution to the field physics. He is the man responsible for creating the theory of Gravity because of the famous apple incident. Another major contribution Newton had on physics were his three laws of motion, which are considered a foundation for anyone studying physics. What is so significant about Newton is that almost 400 years after his death, his findings in optics, mathematics, and physics are still commonly taught and used to this day. Along with the progress made in science as an independent discipline from philosophy during the 17th century, many scholars began to form organizations as centers of â€Å"thought and intellectual exchange† (Ames, et al). Newton was part of the committee who established one of the most influential scientific organizations, the â€Å"Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge ()† (Ames, et al). This society’s fundamental purpose is to â€Å"recognize, promote and support excellence in science and to encourage the development and use of science for the benefit of humanity† (The Royal Society). This association was a major contributor to the scientific developments from the 17th century and onwards. The Royal Society was an important part of the history of science, because it both fostered discussions between scientists, and was an academy for scientific studies in Europe. Accomplished scientists, such as Newton, would exchange ideas through discussions with equally intelligent individuals, as well as publicize their articles and findings. Newton was funded money by this society to continue his research, and it was with the help of the Royal Society that enabled Newton to both conduct his research and publish his findings (O’Connor, and Robertson). Due to his influence, Newton would become the president of the Royal Society in the later years of his life. Many highly respected scientists joined the Royal Society, including Robert Boyle, William Petty, and Francis Bacon (Ames, et al). All of these members benefited from the collaborations within the organization, and the publicity generated due to their published works. This meant that not only did Sir Isaac Newton contribute a lot to the knowledge of Man, but he also helped create a foundation and stepping stone for prospective bright minds. Even today, the Royal Society plays a key role in the discussion, design, and development of modern sciences and experimental methods (The Royal Society). Sir Isaac Newton was a man who greatly influenced the world, both during his time on Earth, as well as the legacy he leaves behind. He was partially responsible for introducing the new scientific method into this world, forever changing the way scientists conduct experiments. He was a man who managed to shed a scientific light during an era where people were religiously oppressed. His intelligence allowed him to discover new ideas in three fields of scientific studies; optics, mathematics, and physics. Even after Newton’s death, his legacy remains in the form of the Royal Society, as well as in all the scientific contributions he has instilled upon this world. Isaac Newton must have been an extraordinary gift to his parents when was born on Christmas day, 1642. But he was more than that; he was an extraordinary gift to mankind. Works Cited Ames, Lauren, Jo Kent, Amneet Gulati, and Adam Purtee. The Impact of the Scientific Revolution. Connexions. Connexions, 6 Jan. 2006. Web. 06 Mar. 2013. lt;http://cnx. org/content/m13245/latest/gt;. Cherubin, Rose. The Scientific Revolution of the 17th Century. The Scientific Revolution of the 17th Century. N. p. , n. d. Web. 06 Mar. 2013. lt;http://classweb. gmu. edu/rcherubi/ancient/srfr. htmgt;. Hatch, Robert A. , Dr. Isaac Newton Biography Newtons Life, Career, Work. Isaac Newton Biography Newtons Life, Career, Work Dr Robert A. Hatch. N. p. , 30 Nov. 1999. Web. 07 Mar. 2013. lt;http://web. clas. ufl. du/users/ufhatch/pages/01-courses/current-courses/08sr-newton. htmgt;. OConnor, J. , and E. Robertson. Sir Isaac Newton. Newton Biography. MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, Jan. 2000. Web. 07 Mar. 2013. lt;http://www-history. mcs. st-and. ac. uk/Biographies/Newton. htmlgt;. The Royal Society. About Us. About the Royal Society. N. p. , n. d. Web. 07 Mar. 2013. lt;http://royalsociety. org/about-us/gt;. Ted Steinbock, MD, comp. Isaac Newton and the Scientific Revolution. N. p. : Mountain Goat, 2006. Print. Zeno of Elea. (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 9 Jan.

Guy Fawkes Essay Example For Students

Guy Fawkes Essay Guy FawkesFawkes Guy, was one of the greatest conspiratorin the Gunpowder Plot. Fawkes, pronounced fawks Guy, English conspirator,born in York. A protestant by birth, he became a Roman Catholic after themarriage of his widowed mother to a man of Catholic background and sympathies(Miller578). In 1593 he enlisted in the Spanish Army in Flanders and in 1596 participatedin the capture of the city of Calais by the Spanish in their war with HenryIV of France. He became implicated with Thomas Winter and others in theGunpowder Plot to blow up Parliament as protest against the anti-RomanCatholic laws. This paper will demonstrate the life ofGuy Fawkes. Guy Fawkes was born on 13th April, 1570. Guy Fawkes was theonly son of Edward Fawkes of York and his wife Edith Blake of Cambridge. Followed by Guy Fawkes birth, Edith had given birth to daughter Anne Fawkeson 3rd October 1568, but the infant lived a mere seven weeks, being buriedon 14th November of the same year. Two other sisters were born followedby Anne, another Anne, who later married Henry Kilburns in Scotton on 12thOctober1572, and Elizabeth, who later married William Dickenson also inScotton on 27th May 1594. Edward Fawkes who was advocate of the consistorycourt of the Archbishop of York. On his mothers side, he was descendedfrom the Harrington family who were eminent merchants and Alderman of York. In 1605, Guy Fawkes(also known as Guido),and a group of conspirators attempted to blow up the Houses of Parliamentto kill the King, James I and the entire Parliament. The conspirators wereangered because King James had been exiling Jesuits from England. The plotterswanted to wrest power away from the king and return the country to theCatholic faith. Today, they would be known as extremists. However, in anattempt to protect a friend in the House of Lords, one of the group memberssent an anonymous letter warning his friend to stay away from the parliament. The warning letter reached the king, andthe conspirators were caught, tortured and executed. Guy Fawkes and hisfriends had rolled 36 barrels of gunpowder into the cellar and coveredthem with faggots under the House of parliament(Encyclopedia Americana91). These days Guy Fawkes Day is also known as Bonfire Night. The eventis commemorated every year with fireworks and burning an effigy of GuyFawkes on a bonfire. The effigies are simply known as Guys. Some of theEnglish have been known to wonder whether they are celebrating Fawkesexecution or honoring his attempt to do away with the government. Therewas no doubt an attempt to blow up parliament. But Guy Fawkes and his associatesmay have been caught in a Jacobean sting operation. Many of the plotters were known traitors. It would have been almost impossible for them to get hold of 36 barrelsof gunpowder without the government finding out. As for the secret warningletter, many historians believe it was fabricated by the kings officials. The letter made it easy to explain how the king found out about the plotand stopped it just in time. But the letter was in fact very vague. Itsaid noting about the details of the attack. There are many mysteries aboutthe gunpowder plot that have never been satisfactorily explained(Ashley621). Still, the king and his men knew exactly where and when to catchthe conspirators and stop the plot. Gunpowder plot, conspiracy to kill JamesI, king of England, as well as the Lords and the Commons at the openingof parliament on November 5, 1605(Ashley 620). The plot was formed by agroup of prominent Roman Catholics in retaliation against the oppressiveanti-Catholic laws being applied by James I. The originator of the schemewas Robert Catesby, a country gentleman of Warwickshire. First he tookhis cousin Thomas Winter and his friends Thomas Percy and John Wright intohis confidence, along with Guy Fawkes, a soldier of fortune. They in turndrew other Roman Catholic gentlemen into the plot, among them Sir EverardDigby, John Grant, Ambrose Rokewood, Francis Tresham, Thomas Winters brotherRobert, and John Wrights brother Christopher(Infoplease.com 1). The conspiratorsdiscovered a vault directly beneath the House of Lords. They rented thiscellar and stored in it 36 barrels of gunpowder. .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 , .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 .postImageUrl , .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 , .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71:hover , .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71:visited , .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71:active { border:0!important; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71:active , .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71 .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u59e8489551c1ad95383a693ed1c05b71:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Life After People Sample EssayIn the final arrangement, Fawkes was toset fire to the gunpowder in the cellar on November 5 and then flee toFlanders(Encarta 2000). Through a letter of warning written by Treshamto a peer, the plot was exposed. Fawkes was arrested early on November5 as she emerged from the cellar. Fuses were found concealed on his person,and in the cellar a lighted lantern and the barrels of gunpowder were discovered. Examined under torture on the rack, Fawkes confessed his own guilt andafter ling obstinacy revealed the names of his associates, nearly all ofwhom were killed on being taken or were hanged along with Fawkes on January31, 1606. The Gunpowder Plot is commemorated annually in the United Kingdomon November 5; on this day it is the custom to burn Guy Fawkes in a raggedeffigy. The slang work guy is derived from these effigies. In 1593 Guy Fawkes enlisted in the Spanisharmy of the Netherlands and became noted for his exceptional courage(Encarta2000). In 1604 he was chosen by Robert Catesby and the other Catholic conspiratorsin the Gunpowder Plot to execute their plan to blow up Parliament whenit assembled to hear James I on Nov. 5, 1605. The day before the gunpowderwas to be detonated, the plot was discovered. Fawkes was taken into custodyand later executed in 1606(World Book 99). November 5 was made a day of thanksgiving,and it is still celebrated in England as Guy Fawkes Day. Every year since1605, every town and village in Great Britain lights bonfires, lets offfireworks, burns and effigy of him and celebrates the fact the Parliamentand James I were not blown sky high by Guy Fawkes(Miller 579).

Reasons to Provide a Sample Wharton Essay

Reasons to Provide a Sample Wharton EssayThe idea of providing sample essays is the main aim of a Sample Wharton Essay. It allows you to use them as you would use your own essay for school, for business presentations and in your resume. While you may be tempted to simply copy the guidelines found on the official website, I am going to outline my thoughts on this.The thought process that goes into creating standard essays has been overlooked. You have come to the right place if you want to know why a sample Wharton Essay is essential for your academic career. Your career decisions will impact how well you do in school and in life. If you choose to remain unaware of the importance of sample Wharton Essays, you could end up with a lot of regrets that are harder to take back than a bad grade.Sample Wharton Essays isn't just being presented because of their convenience. If you are intending to study at the University of Pennsylvania, a sample essay is an essential tool to help you when it comes to writing your own essay. Most people aren't too good at composing their own essays and you may find yourself at a loss. Using a sample makes things a lot easier. There are lots of guidelines, examples and strategies that will help you ensure that you have a successful essay.A sample essay is used as a guide to demonstrate what is to be expected. So if you choose to avoid writing a sample Wharton Essay, chances are you will get an essay that is a little too easy for you. I know how challenging it can be to write something difficult. This won't be a surprise to you. When you look at sample essays, you will find that they are often written by the students themselves, so they have been tasked with writing a sample for every subject.Even if you are going to use your original essay, it would still be best to check with a professional first. They will help you determine whether you will need to use your own sample or that of another writer. After all, this article isn't about you and your career, it's about you and your academic and personal life.To conclude, a sample essay is more than just something that is easy to write. It will also show you exactly what you need to do and how to do it.If you are interested in having a better understanding of the concept of a sample essay, take the time to check out the other content on the site. If you really want to understand how to construct your own master essay, this is the best way to go about it.

A View From The Bridge Letter Essays - Albums, Fall, Free Essays

A View From The Bridge Letter Essays - Albums, Fall, Free Essays A View From The Bridge Letter 201 Jabroni Drive, Moulnani Blvd. , Italy My dearest Maria, I miss you every second of every day and every day of every week. Sometimes I ask myself How can I live without your love and affection? You cant imagine how lonely I sometimes feel without you beside me. I miss you deeply and I am sure you do the same. America is many thousands of miles away from Italy but my heart is less than a pin away from yours I am deeply concerned about the health of Julius. I pray day and night for his health and I hope that the money I sent would help him. I expect a lot of him because he is the oldest and it might seem like that I am pressuring him a lot but tell him that I love him. On the other hand tell our other three babies to keep on smiling because America is really the land of opportunity. I love all of you, and tell them that I would sacrifice everything for your pleasure, even if it meant not to set sight on them for some years. Please tell me in your next letter how everyone is doing? Maria, you know very well that I had to come to this alien land. I would never want to leave you alone with the children but if we want to raise this family and make sure they survive in this world, I had to take the risk and leave for America. I want my children to go to school and eat the pastas and foods that Ive never even seen; I want them to have a youth, which I never had. Maria, so please bare the pain with me, we must live apart for a few years. I will surely return to you but it will probably take about seven to eight years before you see my aching face again. I cant even wait for a minute to see your beautiful face. Remember I miss you all and I cannot wait to hear from you in your next letter. We have now been cleared into America for sure and the fear of getting caught has died out. We live in peace and we work almost every hour of the day or at least it seems like it. Our cousin Beatrice helped us a lot and her husband Eddie made us most welcome at his own house. They seem to be a very kind family and I fell that they are doing to best for us. They also have a niece who they treat as their own daughter and her name is Catherine, she is very beautiful and intelligent. She is only 18 years old and she is full of youth! Everyone has helped Rudolpho and I a lot; they cook, dine and provide somewhere to sleep everyday for us and I am deeply thankful to them. They are not extremely rich but they are middle classed and they seem to be very traditional and Eddie is very dominant in the family. I have a feeling that Eddie has a short temper and that we might trigger this anger by accident. On the other hand, Beatrice seems to be a nice-hearted and kind woman. The funny thing is that in Italy, there is not a job in sight, but here in America; we got a job the day after we arrived in America. We basically work at the dock where we load and unload heavy cargo of many different things. The pay here is much better than the pay in Italy and we earn almost twice or thrice as much as we did in Italy. I love the working environment here and the work isnt that hard. I promise you that every cent I get, I will send to you and I will first think about the family and then my stomach but Im sure cousin Beatrice will help us until we get on our feet. Rudolpho has also found a lot of friends around in America. He has become extremely popular amongst the guys because of his sense of humor and his talents. He gives the men at work something to

“The Collector of Treasures” by Bessie Head Essay Research Paper Example

â€Å"The Collector of Treasures† by Bessie Head Essay Research Paper Example â€Å"The Collector of Treasures† by Bessie Head Essay Paper â€Å"The Collector of Treasures† by Bessie Head Essay Paper Bessie Head was born and reared in from South Africa. She is the writer of â€Å"The Collector of Treasures. † Many points that she depicted in her narrative were about the oppressive attitudes some work forces had about adult females and kids and how society outcast certain adult females based upon what happened in their lives or upon what they could or could non make. In this narrative. â€Å"The Collector of Treasures. † Dikeledi. a strong and resilient characteris married to a adult male named Garesego who is a womaniser. Garesego believed that everything had to be about sex. He did non take attention of his duties as a adult male. Head described him as the type of adult male who had sex with adult females like Canis familiariss. out of canal lecherousness. Out of the four old ages that they were together. Garesego got Dikeledi pregnant 3 times and left her. He did non go forth and travel to another small town. he stayed in the same small town and did non take attention of the boies he helped convey in the universe. On the contrary. Paul is wholly different from Garesego. Paul is portrayed as the adult male who cares about his adult female and treats her like a individual. He is at that place for his married woman. Kenalepe. and their kids. Sing Paul dainty his married woman like a individual was something new for Dikeledi and seeing that type of action from a adult male to his married woman led Dikeledi to seek to speak to Garesego. Garesego is your typical male. so when Dikeledi asked him for money to take attention of their kids. he expected sex in return. Dikeledi had another program in head. Her mentality in this scenario was that Garesego phallus is the lone thing that makes him different from her and he used to command adult females. Therefore. when she castrated him. non merely did she kill him. she made him her equal. Garesego was a adult male who did non hold any regard for adult females. He used them as sex objects and threw them off when he was done. In Dikeledi’s experience. he used her one excessively many times. Without his phallus. Dikeledi felt he could non ache anyone any longer. particularly her. She had watched him handle her wronglongenough every bit good as other adult females. Dikeledi felt that without his phallus. Garesego and she would be on the same degree. This narrative is entitled. â€Å"A Collector of Treasures† and Dikeledi was decidedly a aggregator of hoarded wealths. Even though throughout the full narrative. she had nil but grief after grief and bad things done to her. nevertheless. she did non allow that impact who she was destined to be. Dikeledi was non the ordinary lady. she was stronger than the mean adult female and cognize how to make everything the mean adult female and adult male could. That is one thing she treasured. Dikeledi besides treasured the fact that she could make what she needed to make to do certain her and her household was taken attention of. Dikeledi treasured the fact that she was a strong. independent adult female. Dikeledi’s name meant â€Å"Tears. † Throughout the full narrative. Dikeledi neer shed a tear whether it was felicity or unhappiness. She valued her strong willed head and her finding to make the incredible. Due to the fact that she was a strong adult female likely meant that she caused person else tears. but non herself. There are some dry points in this narrative. One is that the protagonist’s name was Dikeledi and you pronounce the beginning of her name as â€Å"Dick† which is a slang name for phallus. Besides. the writer of this narrative name is Bessie Head and Dikeledi had a good â€Å"head† on her shoulder. Dikeledi was a aggregator of many hoarded wealths and she added her husband’s phallus to the aggregation. Throughout Dikeledi’s difficult life. she has looked beneath the surface and collected little hoarded wealths. and these gave her the strength to travel on.

Waste Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Waste Management - Case Study Example Commercial areas include shops, offices, markets and open areas within the vicinity of the district that the municipality serves. The construction and demolition debris, as well as hazardous wastes, are usually not categorized under municipal solid waste (MSW), but under special circumstances they may be added to the MSW category. Municipal solid waste can be divided into four major categories that are Residential, Commercial and Institutional, Open areas and Treatment plant sites. Residential waste includes wastes generated from households that primarily comprise food wastes. The commercial and industrial wastes which are generated by offices, markets, hotels, restaurants, schools and medical facilities mainly consist of rubbish and food wastes. Open areas include parks, streets and beaches etc. Lastly, treatment plant sites includes sewage, drainage and water treatment processes. MSW is usually referred to as solid waste that the authorities of the city take responsibility of manag ing and disposing in one way or the other. In our case, the 30 gallon garbage on the sidewalk contains office trash and human waste deposits to be qualified as municipal solid waste, so, the contents of the receptacle are definitely solid waste. 3. ... 2) Waste containers should not be filled with water or any other liquid. 3) The authorities need to make sure that only solid waste is put in these containers. 4) Another important handling consideration is to make sure that wastes from different sources are not mixed as it can cause chemical reactions which, therefore, makes recycling and disposal difficult. 5) The vehicles used for the transportation and collection of waste should be covered to avoid exposure to public and scattering of waste. 6) Later on the waste should be categorized into two categories: recyclable and non-recyclable material. Since the waste primarily consists of office trash, it must have considerable amount of paper, bottles and newspaper etc. Waste is recyclable, if it is sent to be processed, while non-recyclable waste should be disposed of either through an incineration or a landfill. 4. How do you respond to the customer and what do you do next?   I will calm him down by silently listening to him for a while and showing him that his problems matter to me. After a while, I will politely accept our fault and personally apologize to him. Moreover, I will assure him that his compliant has been filed and registered by the respective authorities and that we will take care of the receptacle immediately. After finishing the call, I will check for any waste collection team nearby that area; if any team is available, I will order them to take care of the specific receptacle; otherwise I will dispatch an available waste collection team immediately to take care of the receptacle before its condition gets worse. CASE 2 1. Is it permissible to disturb the clay cap without a permit?   The appropriate District office must be consulted before any construction activity is conducted over an

Fast Food, are we taking it too far by blaming fast food restaurants Research Paper

Fast Food, are we taking it too far by blaming fast food restaurants for obesity - Research Paper Example Opponents of the fast food industry tend to compare fast food to cigarettes, saying that smoking one cigarette pack a day is not more harmful for health than eating three big macs a day. â€Å"The concept of â€Å"Big Food† litigation [was] crafted along the line of â€Å"Big Tobacco† litigation†. Cigarettes and fast food deteriorate health in their own respective ways, and there is nothing untrue about it. However, cigarettes are a means of consumption of smoke whereas food is fundamentally a source of nutrition, no matter how fatty that may be. Overeating can always cause obesity, whether or not fast food is consumed. If three big macs are to be equalized to one pack of cigarettes, this is no reason to sue the fast food companies because they never ask their customers to consume three big macs in a single day. It is up to the customers what they eat and how much they eat. Cigarettes are totally the pollutants for lungs whereas fast food is also rich in proteins and carbohydrates in addition to fats. If any food that contains fat and carbohydrate is to be blamed for obesity, health conscious people should resort to taking protein tablets and eat nothing, because anything they would eat would have some proportion of fat and carbohydrates in their contents. After all, it is the nature’s decision, and is so because fats and carbohydrates are necessary for health, though if consumers can not keep themselves from overeating, it is they who should be sued instead of the fast food companies.... any food that contains fat and carbohydrate is to be blamed for obesity, health conscious people should resort to taking protein tablets and eat nothing, because anything they would eat would have some proportion of fat and carbohydrates in their contents. After all, it is the nature’s decision, and is so because fats and carbohydrates are necessary for health, though if consumers can not keep themselves from overeating, it is they who should be sued instead of the fast food companies. Robert Sweet, the US District Judge rightly said, â€Å"If consumers know (or reasonably should know) the potential ill health effects of eating at McDonald's, they cannot blame McDonald's if they, nonetheless, choose to satiate their appetite with a surfeit of supersized McDonald's products† (Sweet cited in Collins). In order to get to the root cause of the problem, it is useful to find out what has stimulated fast food companies to sell food rich in fat. Fat happens to be the most typic al source of taste in any kind of food. Take a piece of bread and eat it, it won’t taste good enough. Application of a spoonful of butter or cheese on it would enhance its taste manifolds. Even in homes, people frequently make use of dairy products rich in fat content like cottage cheese, butter, cream and milk. In fact, there are many obese people who do not at all go to the fast food restaurants. Many people are genetically obese. Two children, who are brought up in similar circumstances, are of same age and consume same food can not be expected to have the same body mass index. One might be very skinny and the other might be obese. It is the way an individual’s body reacts to the food consumed that makes a difference. Many people remain on diet 24/7 and are yet obese. Yet there are others who